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Journal of the ICRU 2008 8(2):17-20; doi:10.1093/jicru/ndn025
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© International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements 2008

3. Description of Irradiation Facilities

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.

The design and properties of an industrial irradiator have implications for radiation-processing dosimetry. Absorbed-dose distribution in the product, attainable absorbed-dose range, and environmental influence quantities that may affect the dosimeter response are influenced by the irradiator design. General descriptions of typical gamma, x-ray, and electron-beam irradiators are given below.

Major considerations in the design of an irradiation facility are the uniformity of the distribution of absorbed dose in the given product, efficient utilization of radiation energy, and cost-effectiveness based on minimizing the combined capital and operating costs.

Three principal types of radiation sources are used for radiation processing:

  • Essentially mono-energetic gamma radiation from radionuclides such as 60Co (1.25 MeV average) and 137Cs (0.66 MeV),
  • Electrons from accelerators, and
  • X rays . . . [Full Text of this Article]

3.1 Gamma-Ray Irradiators

3.2 Electron-Beam Irradiators

3.3 X-Ray (Bremsstrahlung) Irradiators


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